Fig. 4

Histological analysis of porcine myocardium. Representative histological sections of porcine myocardial tissue stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) (top left), Masson’s Trichrome (top right), and immunofluorescence labeling for α-actinin (bottom left). Illustrating myocardial structural changes across experimental groups: a–d control group, e–h pASC group, and i–l coculture group. Each section corresponds to a specific myocardial region: a, e, i remote area, b, f, j right border zone, c, g, k infarct center, and d, h, l left border zone. In the H&E-stained sections (top left), black arrows indicate fibrotic scar regions, while red arrows highlight areas of lipomatosis. Viable cardiomyocyte fibers are delineated by black outlines. All images were captured at 100 × magnification for H&E and Masson’s Trichrome staining, whereas immunofluorescence images were acquired at 400 × magnification